KATHOPNISHAD CHAPTER 4 SHLOK 11

                                                             मनसैवेदमाप्तव्यं 

                                                         नेह नानाऽस्ति किंचन ।

                                                          मृत्योः स मृत्युं गच्छति

                                                         य इह नानेव पश्यति ॥ 11

                                           MANASA  EVAM IDAM  APTAVYAM 

                                            NA IHAM  NANA  ASTI  KINCHAN |

                                         MRUTOH  SA MRUTYUM  GACHHATI 

                                                YA IHA  NANEV  PASHYATI ||11

BY MIND ALONE THIS CAN BE OBTAINED,THEN THERE IS NO DIFFERENCE HERE OR

               THERE ,HE WHO SEES DIFFERENCE GOES FROM DEATH TO DEATH ||11

In the last Shlok we were told that there is no difference between Here and or There. Now in this Shlok, we are told that this -BRAHMAN can be achieved only by mind . So There is no difference between the BRAHMNAN -which we think is THREE  and this visible Universe. This is the forest step in understanding of the BRAHMAN. The visible and non- visible Universe is one and the same . or that the visible universe is nothing but Brahman in different form, Let us take an example of a wooden desk . The Desk is of different shape or form than the tree from where the wood came from . But the desk is wood though out (barring nails and glu and may be mica).But we recognize desk as DESK and not wood, But upon further inspection , we KNOW that the desk is nothing but wood in different form. But the wood and the the desk are different from my body . But If we all are created by the GOD- BRAHMAN or we all came from Brahman, and there is nothing 'outside' the Brahman, then we must be BRAHMAN in different form Other example can be spider and spider web . The Web comes out of spider . So something like that we came out of Brahman and so there is no difference between everything in this universe  and the originator Brahman . We have to understand this  and we have to understand it with our MIND. 

        This is little different than what we were told or understood - BRAHMAN is BEYOND mind ,intellect or ego.-things that are related to PRAKRUTI or NATURE. So we have or we are BRAHMAN  and we have to understand it with mind  and then when we find no difference between different things in this universe and beyond, the cycle of death and birth ends .If we continue to think that  things in this universe are different from each other and Brahman, then we can not be one with Brahman. 

KATHOPNISHAD CHAPTER 4 SHLOK 10

                                                                  यदेवेह तदमुत्र 

                                                                 यदमुत्र तदन्विह । 

                                                               मृत्योः स मृत्युमाप्नोति 

                                                             य इह नानेव पश्यति ॥ १0

                                                     YAD EVA  IHA TAD  AMUTRA

                                                     TADMUTRA  TAD  ANV  IHA |

                                                MRUTYOH  SA  MRUTYUM  APNOTI 

                                                    YA  IHA  NAN  IVA  PASHYATI ||10

                     WHAT IS HERE ,IS THERE AND WHAT IS THERE IS IS HERE.

ONE WHO SEES (KNOWS) THE MULTIFOMS ,GOES FROM DEATH TO DEATH ||10

      This Shlok is continuation of the answer from Yamaraj. This Shlok remined me of the famous one -OM PURNAT PYN IDAM -----. Which meant that THIS COMPLETE  AND THAT IS COMPLETE  AND WHEN THIS ( COMPLETE ) IS ADDED TO THAT COMPLETE IT IS COMPLETE  AND WHEN YOU TAKE OUT THIS COMPLETE FROM THAT COMPLETE IT IS (STILL) COMPLETE . We are told in this Shlok that what we see -perceive HERE in this manifested universe is THERE and what is THERE is HERE . So the manifested universe came from the THERE THE BRAHMAM  and so what one sees or perceives is nothing but BRAHAMAM and so HERE  and THERE , there is no difference. We are often give an example of pot and clay. The pot is nothing but clay. What we have here or what we perceive is NAMA, RUPA AND VYAVAHAR - THE NAME THAT WE GIVE  AND THE FORM that we see  and the USE that we have . So the pot is clay but when we created pot we have specific form and so we name it as pot and then we use it to store water. So the POT has no independent existence apart from clay  and there is nothing but clay in the pot  and pot is not eternal but clay was there before the pot was made  and it continues to be there even when the pot is made  and the clay continues to be there  even when pot is broken and there is no more pot. So this universe is nothing but BRAHAMAM and it is nothing but BRAHAMAM and BRAHAMAM was there before universe manifested  and it will be there when the universe is not there. 

    So when one realizes that this apparent universe is same as same as Brahmam, then he is released from the birth- death cycle. Nachiket had asked the question as to what happens after death  and Lord of Death is answering that HERE and THERE is same and when one sees and perceives BRAHMAM in everything then he has no death and birth. 

KATHOPNISHAD CHAPTER 4 SHLOK 9

                                                            यतश्चोदेति सूर्योऽस्तं

                                                               यत्र च गच्छति ।

                                                             तं देवाः सर्वेऽर्पिता

                                                      स्तदुनात्येति कश्चन । एतद्वैतत् ॥ ९

                                                   YATAH CH UDETI  SURYO  

                                               ASTAM YATRA CH GACHHATI |

                                                 TAM DEVAH SAREARPITAS

                                TADU NA ARPETI KASCHAN ||ETAD VAI TAD ||9

                    THE SUN SETS 'THERE'' AND THE SUN RISES FROM 'THERE'

(THE FORCRE THAT CAUSES THE SUN TO RISE AND SET)THE GODS WORSHIP

             NOONE GOES  BEYOND  THAT AND THAT IS VERILY THAT ||9

      This Shlok is describing the ultimate Entity ? or the power behind everything. In the universe  things seem to go smoothly . The 2 heavenly bodies don't collide  and they continue to move in a path that we 'think' is determined by force called gravity . we also see at microcosm -out own physical body - how wonderfully it works. Certainly scientist will have explanation for everything with 'terms' that really do not explain but  they just give a name. The gravity which is suppose to attract 2 or many objects to each other, is not "attracting" to each other is "repulsive" at the beginning of the universe  and so the Big Bang happened. So we really don/t know why gravitational force there. So we are told by Yamaraj that the force or the energy behind the SUN's movement or for that matter any other object in the universe is the ultimate GOD . The Gods worship that GOD . The mention of the word God may be confusing. But one has to understand that there is 'SAGUN' God and there is 'NIRGUN' God . Sagun means one with GUNAS or qualities  and Nirguna means God without the qualities , So we have many things that we consider Gods BUT THEY ARE NOT THE ULTIMATE FORCE OR THE GOD . So the so called lower level Gods also worship the ultimate force the GOD . There is nothing beyond it.

 (I consider the Gods as more like appointments - Mayer or Governor or president - etc. These positions are powerful and are not in mortal world. And they are not supreme or ultimate and they also can be demoted. These Gods have qualities that we all have  and the PURUSHA or the ultimate GOD does not have ordinary Human qualities. IN in Hindu mythology we have seen Indra the King of the Gods behaving badly or harassing someone as he is worried that he may lose his position. So in this Shlok Yama is referring to these Gods )