अशब्दमस्पर्शमरूपमव्ययं
तथाऽरसं नित्यमगन्धवच्च यत् ।
अनाद्यनन्तं महतः परं ध्रुवं
निचाय्य तन्मृत्युमुखात् प्रमुच्यते॥ १5
ASHABDAM ASPARSHAM ARUPAM AVYAYAM
TATHARASAM NITYAM AGANDHAVAT CH YAT|
ANADYA ANANTAM MAHATAH PARAM DHRUVAM
NICHAYYA TAN MRUTYUMUKHAT PRAMUCHYATE ||15
HE WHO KNOWS THAT --WHICH IS WITHOUT SOUND, WITHOUT TOUCH,WITHOUT
FORM,WITHOUT DECAY,WITHOUT TASTE,ETERNAL,WITHOUT SMELL,WITHOUT
BEGINING,WITHOUT END,UNCHANGIN,AND GREATER THAN THE MAHAT--
-- IS LIFTED FROM JAWS OF DEATH||15
The Lord of Death - Yam is answering the original question posed by Nachiket. He had asked about the death and what happens after Death. So in this Shloka the Yamaraj is answering but at the same time is telling the qualities of the PURUSH or the GOD. He has not told Nachiket if there is Existence or Non Existence after so called death of the physical body.
In this Shlok there are things that are put in words and they are are for our understanding only as certain things ac not be explained without words and the words are inadequate to explain the PURUSH or the Ultimate reality. We as Human beings tend to get our Information by looking through our window of sense organs. With the help of these sense organs we perceive the world . Without them we will have no input and we will be lost. But in this Shlok we are told that the Purush is without all the qualities that we know of any object. The Object could have sound, shape, form, smell, it can be touched and it has beginning and end and is perishable and changes all the time. We may not notice the change but everything changes even if we not notice it. So something which is without all that we can describe based on our limited experience from our sense organs is what is Ultimate reality. But there is one more point . The MAHAT TATWA which is present at the beginning of the Universe is also not the ultimate Reality. The Ultimate reality is beyond,(I am using Purush and ultimate Reality interchangeably) But we have one more 'curve ball' in this statement . Yam is saying that when when KNOWS THAT, he is lifted from the jaws of Death. So HOW DOES ONE KNOW ? We all KNOW anything and everything with our body instruments of sense organs and may be Mind and Intellect . So If something is BEYOND theses instrument, than how do we KNOW? One can not put certain things in words but to explain things we have to put them in words. So if I am talking to a blind man and I am trying to explain him how dies a rose flower look like . Only way I can explain it is by telling him what he knows or can perceive . So I can say it is very soft because he can feel it . I can say it smells great because he smell. and so on So when Yam is saying THEN ONLY ONE KNOWS , is to be taken as one perceives by means OTHER THAN OUR USUAL instruments of perception.
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